![]() Pharyngeal constrictor activity in swallowing is of fun- damental importance for the transportation of. Origin: Medial pterygoid plate, pterygomandibular raphé, alveolar process Insertion: Pharyngeal raphe, pharyngeal tubercle Nerve: Vagus nerve Action: Swallowing Description: The Superior constrictor (Constrictor pharyngis superior) is a quadrilateral muscle, thinner and paler than the other two. ![]() These results provide information that will help a comprehensive understanding of the effects of pharyngeal muscles on movement. Key words: Pharynx, motor function radiography. The variant muscle bundles play their own role in pharyngeal movement according to their morphology. A variation of the STP, in which it ran transversely and merged with the SC muscle, was found in 2.3% (1/44) of cases while a variation of the SC muscle, in which it ran longitudinally and merged with the contralateral constrictors, was found in 11.4% (5/44). ![]() 16 It seems that RT-induced damage of the PCM, the glottic larynx, and the supraglottic larynx contributes to the development of dysphagia. Attachments: Originates from the pterygomandibular ligament, alveolar process of the mandible, medial pterygoid plate and pterygoid hamulus of the sphenoid bone. It is the uppermost of the pharyngeal constrictors and is located within the oropharynx. The accessory bundle of STP and petropharyngeus was found in 18.2% (8/44) and 25.0% (11/44) of cases, respectively. Patients with RT-induced dysphagia have decreased pharyngeal peristalsis and poor synchronization between pharyngeal constrictor muscles (PCM) and other abnormalities. The superior pharyngeal constrictor is a muscle of the pharynx. Forty-four specimens (22 right and 22 left sides) from embalmed Korean adult cadavers (13 males, 9 females age range, 46–89 years mean age, 69.2 years) were used in this study. The tensor veli palatini is thought to be responsible for eustachian tube function. The aims of this study were to clarify the topography and variations stylopharyngeus (STP) and superior constrictor (SC) muscles, and to examine what role they play in the pharyngeal movement. Velopharyngeal closure is accomplished through the contraction of several velopharyngeal muscles including the levator veli palatini, musculus uvulae, superior pharyngeal constrictor, palatopharyngeus, palatoglossus, and salpingopharyngeus. The buccinator is the main component of the cheeks along with a considerable amount of subcutaneous fat.The buccal fat pad (of Bichat) covers the outer surface of the deep part of buccinator, separating it from the ramus of mandible, masseter and temporalis muscles.
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